/*! HTML5 Boilerplate v9.0.1 | MIT License | https://html5boilerplate.com/ */

/* main.css 3.0.0 | MIT License | https://github.com/h5bp/main.css#readme */
/*
 * What follows is the result of much research on cross-browser styling.
 * Credit left inline and big thanks to Nicolas Gallagher, Jonathan Neal,
 * Kroc Camen, and the H5BP dev community and team.
 */

/* ==========================================================================
   Base styles: opinionated defaults
   ========================================================================== */

html {
  color: #222;
  font-size: 1em;
  line-height: 1.4;
}

/*
 * Remove text-shadow in selection highlight:
 * https://twitter.com/miketaylr/status/12228805301
 *
 * Customize the background color to match your design.
 */

::-moz-selection {
  background: #b3d4fc;
  text-shadow: none;
}

::selection {
  background: #b3d4fc;
  text-shadow: none;
}

/*
 * A better looking default horizontal rule
 */

hr {
  display: block;
  height: 1px;
  border: 0;
  border-top: 1px solid #ccc;
  margin: 1em 0;
  padding: 0;
}

/* HEADER */
header {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between; /* logo left, links right */
  align-items: center;
  background-color: white;
  padding: 0 40px;
  max-width: 1400px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

/*--------------LOGO STYLING--------------*/

.logo {
  font-family: 'Montserrat', sans-serif;
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 28px;
  color: #2546f0;
  letter-spacing: 1px;
}

.logo-img {
  max-width: 50px;
  height: auto;
}
.logo-text {
  font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
  font-size: 20px;
  color: #2546f0;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.logo-container {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;                /* spacing between icon and text */
}
.logo-link {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: inherit;         /* keeps it same color as logo text */
}

.logo-link:visited {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: inherit;
}

.logo-link:hover {
  text-decoration: none !important;   /* makes sure no underline appears on hover */
}

/*--------------LOGO STYLING ENDS--------------*/

/*--------------NAV STYLING STARTS--------------*/
nav a,
nav a:link,
nav a:visited,
nav a:hover,
nav a:active,
nav a:focus {
  font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
  color: #2546f0;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-decoration: none;   /* kill underlines in ALL states */
  font-size: 18px;
  padding: 0 10px;
  transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

/*--------------NAV STYLING ENDS--------------*/

.hero-text {
  text-align: center;
  max-width: 800px;
  margin: 20px auto 30px auto;
  background: #f9fbff;      /* very subtle */
  padding: 30px 20px;
  border-radius: 10px;
  color: #2b2b2b;
  font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
}

.hero-text h1 {
  font-size: 1.6rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.hero-text p {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  color: #4a4a4a;
  margin-top: 0;
}



header img {
  max-width: 75px;
  height: auto;
}


/* Parent row: keeps images side by side */
.image-row {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 24px;
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 40px auto;
  padding: 20px 10px;
  border-radius: 10px;
  box-shadow: 0 3px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.12);
}

/* EACH image + caption block */
.images {
  flex: 1;
  max-width: 560px;
  text-align: center;              /* center image + caption */
}

/* the images themselves */
.images img {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 560px;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;  /* keeps them the same shape */
  object-fit: cover;     /* crops nicely if proportions differ */
  border-radius: 10px;
}

/* small source text under each image */
.img-source {
  font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: #777;
  margin-top: 6px;
}

/*hero-banner STARTS*/
.hero-banner {
  position: relative;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 1400px;
  height: 700px;
  margin: 20px auto 40px auto;
  border-radius: 16px;
  background-image: url("../nasaEarth.jpg");
  background-size: cover;
  background-position: center top;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.hero-banner::before {
  content: "Image: NASA Unsplash";
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 14px;
  right: 20px;
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  color: #eaeaea;
  opacity: 0.8;
  z-index: 2;
}


.hero-banner {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

/* darker fade so text pops */
.hero-banner::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.45);
}

.section-intro {
  margin: 40px auto 10px;
}

.section-intro h2 {
  font-size: 1.6rem;
  color: #2546f0;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.section-intro p {
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: #555;
  margin-bottom: 30px;
}

/* TEXT OVERLAY */
.hero-banner-text {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
  text-align: center;
  color: white;
  z-index: 2;  /* text above overlay */
  padding: 0 40px;
  max-width: 900px;
}
.hero-banner-text h1 {
  font-size: 2rem;
  line-height: 1.4;
  max-width: 800px;
  margin: 0 auto 12px;
}

.hero-banner-text p {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

/*hero-banner ENDS*/











.home-cards {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 30px;
  margin: 60px auto;
  max-width: 1400px;
}

.card {
  display: block;
  width: 380px;
  background: white;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: #222;
  border-radius: 12px;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
  transition: transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
}

.card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-6px);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
}

.card-image {
  height: 180px;
  background-size: cover;
  background-position: center;
  position: relative;

}

/* Replace these URLs with your own or stock images */
.ai-image {
  background-image: url("../AiChip.jpg");
}

.impact-image {
  background-image: url("../smokeStack.jpg");
}

.sustainable-image {
  background-image: url("../windTurbine.jpg");
}

.card h3 {
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  margin: 20px 20px 10px;
  color: #2546f0;
}

.card p {
  margin: 0 20px 20px;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: #555;
}

.card-btn {
  display: inline-block;
  margin: 0 20px 20px;
  padding: 8px 14px;
  background: #2546f0;
  color: white;
  border-radius: 6px;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  transition: background 0.2s ease;
}

.card-btn:hover {
  background: #1f3bcf;
}

.card-image::after {
  content: attr(data-source);
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 8px;
  right: 12px;
  font-size: 0.65rem;
  color: #f0f0f0;
  background: rgba(0,0,0,0.45);
  padding: 2px 6px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  z-index: 2;
}



/* Page Layout */
.content-wrapper {
  max-width: 900px;
  margin: 40px auto;
  padding: 0 20px;
  font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
}

/* Page Hero */
.page-hero {
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 40px;
}

.page-hero h1 {
  font-size: 2rem;
  color: #2546f0;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.page-subtitle {
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  color: #555;
}

/* Sections */
.info-section {
  margin-bottom: 40px;
}

.info-section h2 {
  font-size: 1.4rem;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  color: #2546f0;
}

.info-section p {
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: #333;
}

/* Clean bullet lists */
.clean-list {
  padding-left: 20px;
  margin: 10px 0 20px;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.clean-list li {
  margin-bottom: 6px;
}

/* Next Step Button */
.primary-btn {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-top: 10px;
  background: #2546f0;
  color: white;
  padding: 10px 18px;
  border-radius: 6px;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.primary-btn:hover {
  background: #5578ff;
}

/* Responsive */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .page-hero h1 {
    font-size: 1.6rem;
  }
  .info-section {
    margin-bottom: 32px;
  }
}
.impact-highlight {
  margin: 16px 0 8px;
  padding: 12px 14px;
  border-left: 4px solid #2546f0;
  background: #f4f6ff;
  border-radius: 6px;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: #333;
}

.diagram-wrapper {
  text-align: center;
  margin: 20px 0 30px;
}

.diagram-wrapper img {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  border-radius: 8px;
}

/* Chart styling */
.chart-wrapper {
  text-align: center;
  margin: 25px 0;
}

.chart-wrapper img {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  border-radius: 8px;
}

.img-source {
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: #777;
  margin-top: 6px;
}



























footer {
  text-align: center;
  padding: 30px 0;
  color: #777;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}





/* Hamburger icon is hidden on desktop by default */
.mobile-menu-icon {
  display: none;
  font-size: 28px;
  cursor: pointer;
}




















/*
 * Remove the gap between audio, canvas, iframes,
 * images, videos and the bottom of their containers:
 * https://github.com/h5bp/html5-boilerplate/issues/440
 */

audio,
canvas,
iframe,
img,
svg,
video {
  vertical-align: middle;
}

/*
 * Remove default fieldset styles.
 */

fieldset {
  border: 0;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

/*
 * Allow only vertical resizing of textareas.
 */

textarea {
  resize: vertical;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Author's custom styles
   ========================================================================== */

/* ==========================================================================
   Helper classes
   ========================================================================== */

/*
 * Hide visually and from screen readers
 */

.hidden,
[hidden] {
  display: none !important;
}

/*
 * Hide only visually, but have it available for screen readers:
 * https://snook.ca/archives/html_and_css/hiding-content-for-accessibility
 *
 * 1. For long content, line feeds are not interpreted as spaces and small width
 *    causes content to wrap 1 word per line:
 *    https://medium.com/@jessebeach/beware-smushed-off-screen-accessible-text-5952a4c2cbfe
 */

.visually-hidden {
  border: 0;
  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
  height: 1px;
  margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  padding: 0;
  position: absolute;
  white-space: nowrap;
  width: 1px;
  /* 1 */
}

/*
 * Extends the .visually-hidden class to allow the element
 * to be focusable when navigated to via the keyboard:
 * https://www.drupal.org/node/897638
 */

.visually-hidden.focusable:active,
.visually-hidden.focusable:focus {
  clip: auto;
  height: auto;
  margin: 0;
  overflow: visible;
  position: static;
  white-space: inherit;
  width: auto;
}

/*
 * Hide visually and from screen readers, but maintain layout
 */

.invisible {
  visibility: hidden;
}

/*
 * Clearfix: contain floats
 *
 * The use of `table` rather than `block` is only necessary if using
 * `::before` to contain the top-margins of child elements.
 */

.clearfix::before,
.clearfix::after {
  content: "";
  display: table;
}

.clearfix::after {
  clear: both;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   EXAMPLE Media Queries for Responsive Design.
   These examples override the primary ('mobile first') styles.
   Modify as content requires.
   ========================================================================== */

@media only screen and (min-width: 35em) {
  /* Style adjustments for viewports that meet the condition */
}

@media print,
  (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25),
  (min-resolution: 1.25dppx),
  (min-resolution: 120dpi) {
  /* Style adjustments for high resolution devices */
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Print styles.
   Inlined to avoid the additional HTTP request:
   https://www.phpied.com/delay-loading-your-print-css/
   ========================================================================== */

@media print {
  *,
  *::before,
  *::after {
    background: #fff !important;
    color: #000 !important;
    /* Black prints faster */
    box-shadow: none !important;
    text-shadow: none !important;
  }

  a,
  a:visited {
    text-decoration: underline;
  }

  a[href]::after {
    content: " (" attr(href) ")";
  }

  abbr[title]::after {
    content: " (" attr(title) ")";
  }

  /*
   * Don't show links that are fragment identifiers,
   * or use the `javascript:` pseudo protocol
   */
  a[href^="#"]::after,
  a[href^="javascript:"]::after {
    content: "";
  }

  pre {
    white-space: pre-wrap !important;
  }

  pre,
  blockquote {
    border: 1px solid #999;
    page-break-inside: avoid;
  }

  tr,
  img {
    page-break-inside: avoid;
  }

  p,
  h2,
  h3 {
    orphans: 3;
    widows: 3;
  }

  h2,
  h3 {
    page-break-after: avoid;
  }
}


/* ---------- MOBILE LAYOUT ---------- */
@media (max-width: 768px) {

  /* Header: logo left, hamburger right */
  header {
    position: relative;                 /* so dropdown can anchor to it */
    flex-direction: row;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 12px 20px;
    max-width: 100%;
  }

  /* Show hamburger on mobile */
  .mobile-menu-icon {
    display: block;
  }

  /* Mobile nav: hidden by default */
  nav {
    display: none;
    flex-direction: column;
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;                          /* directly below header */
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    background: #ffffff;
    padding: 8px 0;
    border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.12);
    z-index: 1000;
    text-align: left;
  }

  /* When hamburger toggles .active, show dropdown */
  nav.active {
    display: flex;
  }

  nav a {
    font-size: 16px;
    padding: 10px 20px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f1f1;
  }

  /* Hero banner: shorter + full width on mobile */
  .hero-banner {
    height: 320px;
    margin: 16px auto 24px auto;
    border-radius: 0;  /* optional: full-bleed on mobile */
  }

  .hero-banner-text {
    padding: 0 16px;
    max-width: 100%;
  }

  .hero-banner-text h1 {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
  }

  .hero-banner-text p {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
  }

  /* Topic intro */
  .section-intro {
    margin: 24px auto 8px;
    padding: 0 16px;
  }

  .section-intro h2 {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
  }

  .section-intro p {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
  }

  /* Cards: stack vertically */
  .home-cards {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 20px;
    max-width: 100%;
    margin: 24px auto 32px;
    padding: 0 16px;
  }

  .card {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 420px;
  }

  .card-image {
    height: 180px;
  }

  /* Footer: smaller text, centered */
  footer {
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    padding: 16px 0 24px;
  }
}